Artigo

Averting biodiversity collapse in tropical forest protected areas

The rapid disruption of tropical forests probably imperils global biodiversity more than any other contemporary phenomenon. With deforestation advancing quickly, protected areas are increasingly becoming final refuges for threatened species and natural ecosystem processes. However, many protected ar...

ver descrição completa

Autor principal: Laurance, William F.
Outros Autores: Carolina Useche, D., Rendeiro, Julio, Kalka, Margareta B., Bradshaw, Corey J.A., Sloan, Sean P., Laurance, Susan G.W., Campbell, Mason J., Abernethy, Katharine A., Alvarez, Patricia, Arroyo-Rodríguez, Víctor, Ashton, Peter Shaw, Benítez-Malvido, Julieta, Blom, Allard, Bobo, Kadiri Serge, Cannon, Charles H., Cao, Min, Carroll, Richard, Chapman, Colin A., Coates-Estrada, Rosamond, Cords, Marina, Danielsen, Finn, Dijn, Bart de, Dinerstein, Eric, Donnelly, Maureen A., Edwards, David P., Edwards, Felicity A., Farwig, Nina, Fashing, Peter J., Forget, Pierre Michel, Foster, Mercedes, Gale, George A., Harris, David J., Harrison, Rhett D., Hart, John A., Karpanty, Sarah M., Kress, W. John, Krishnaswamy, Jagdish, Logsdon, Willis, Lovett, Jon C., Magnusson, William Ernest, Maisels, Fiona G., Marshall, Andrew Robert, McClearn, Deedra, Mudappa, Divya C., Nielsen, Martin Reinhardt, Pearson, Richard G., Pitman, Nigel C.A., Van Der Ploeg, Jan, Plumptre, Andrew J., Poulsen, John R., Quesada, M., Rainey, Hugo J., Robinson, Douglas, Roetgers, Christiane, Rovero, F., Scatena, Frederick N., Schulze, Christian Hansjoachim, Sheil, Douglas, Struhsaker, Thomas T., Terborgh, John W., Thomas, Duncan W., Timm, Robert M., Urbina-Cardona, J. Nicolás, Vasudevan, Karthikeyan, Wright, Stuart Joseph, Carlos Arias-G, Juan, Arroyo, Luzmila P., Ashton, Mark S., Auzel, Philippe, Babaasa, Dennis, Babweteera, Fred, Baker, Patrick J., Bánki, Olaf S., Bass, Margot S., Inogwabini, Bila Isia, Blake, Stephen, Brockelman, Warren Y., Brokaw, Nicholas V.L., Brühl, Carsten Albrecht, Bunyavejchewin, Sarayudh, Chao, Jungtai, Chave, Jérôme, Chellam, Ravi, Clark, Connie J., Clavijo, José, Congdon, Robert A., Corlett, Richard T., Dattaraja, Handanakere Shavaramaiah, Dave, Chittaranjan, Davies, Glyn, Mello Beisiegel, Beatriz de, Nazaré Paes da Silva, Rosa de, Di Fiore, Anthony, Diesmos, Arvin C., Dirzo, Rodolfo, Doran-Sheehy, Diane M., Eaton, Mitchell J., Emmons, Louise H., Estrada, Alejandro, Ewango, Corneille E.N., Fedigan, Linda M., Feer, François, Fruth, Barbara I., Giacalone, Jacalyn, Goodale, Uromi Manage, Goodman, Steven Michael, Guix, Juan Carlos, Guthiga, Paul Maina, Haber, William A., C., Hamer, Keith, Herbinger, Ilka, Hill, Jane, Huang, Zhongliang, Fang-Sun, I., Ickes, Kalan, Itoh, Akira, Ivanauskas, Natália Macedo, Jackes, Betsy R., Janovec, John P., Janzen, Daniel H., Jiangming, Mo, Jin, Chen, Jones, Trevor P., Justiniano, Hermes, Kalko, Elisabeth Klara Viktoria, Kasangaki, Aventino, Killeen, Timothy J., King, Henbiau, Klop, Erik, Knott, Cheryl Denise, Koné, Inza, Kudavidanage, Enoka P., Lahoz da Silva Ribeiro, José, Lattke, John E., LaVal, Richard K., Lawton, Robert O., Leal, Miguel E., Leighton, Mark, Lentino, Miguel, Leonel, Cristiane, Lindsell, Jeremy A., Lee, Ling-Ling, Eduard Linsenmair, Karl, Losos, Elizabeth C., Lugo, Ariel E., Lwanga, Jeremiah S., MacK, Andrew L., Martíns, Marlúcia Bonifácio, McGraw, William Scott, McNab, Roan Balas, Montag, Luciano F.A., Myers Thompson, Jo A., Nabe-Nielsen, Jacob, Nakagawa, Michiko, Nepal, Sanjay Kumar, Norconk, Marilyn A., Novotný, Vojt?ch, O'Donnell, Sean, Opiang, Muse D., Ouboter, Paul E., Parker, Kenneth, Parthasarathy, Narayanaswamy, Pisciotta, Kátia Regina, Prawiradilaga, Dewi Malia, Pringle, Catherine M., Rajathurai, Subaraj, Reichard, Ulrich H., Reinartz, Gay Edwards, Renton, Katherine, Reynolds, Glen, Reynolds, Vernon, Riley, Erin, Rödel, Mark Oliver, Rothman, Jessica M., Round, Philip D., Sakai, Shoko, Sanaiotti, Tânia Margarete, Savini, Tommaso, Schaab, Gertrud, Seidensticker, John, Siaka, Alhaji M., Silman, Miles R., Smith, Thomas Bates, Almeida, Samuel Soares de, Sodhi, Navjot S., Stanford, Craig, Stewart, Kristine, Stokes, Emma J., Stoner, Kathryn Elizabeth, Sukumar, Raman, Surbeck, Martin, Tobler, Mathias W., Tscharntke, Teja, Turkalo, Andrea K., Umapathy, Govindaswamy, van Weerd, Merlijn, Vega-Rivera, Jorge H., Venkataraman, Meena, Venn, Linda, Verea, Carlos, Castilho, Carolina Volkmer de, Waltert, Matthias, Wang, Benjamin C., Watts, David P., Weber, William, West, Paige, Whitacre, David, Whitney, Kenneth D., Wilkie, David S., Williams, Stephen E., Wright, Debra D., Wright, Patricia Chapple, Xiankai, Lu, Yonzon, Pralad B., Zamzani, Franky
Grau: Artigo
Idioma: English
Publicado em: Nature 2020
Assuntos:
Acesso em linha: https://repositorio.inpa.gov.br/handle/1/17998
Resumo:
The rapid disruption of tropical forests probably imperils global biodiversity more than any other contemporary phenomenon. With deforestation advancing quickly, protected areas are increasingly becoming final refuges for threatened species and natural ecosystem processes. However, many protected areas in the tropics are themselves vulnerable to human encroachment and other environmental stresses. As pressures mount, it is vital to know whether existing reserves can sustain their biodiversity. A critical constraint in addressing this question has been that data describing a broad array of biodiversity groups have been unavailable for a sufficiently large and representative sample of reserves. Here we present a uniquely comprehensive data set on changes over the past 20 to 30 years in 31 functional groups of species and 21 potential drivers of environmental change, for 60 protected areas stratified across the worlds major tropical regions. Our analysis reveals great variation in reserve health: about half of all reserves have been effective or performed passably, but the rest are experiencing an erosion of biodiversity that is often alarmingly widespread taxonomically and functionally. Habitat disruption, hunting and forest-product exploitation were the strongest predictors of declining reserve health. Crucially, environmental changes immediately outside reserves seemed nearly as important as those inside in determining their ecological fate, with changes inside reserves strongly mirroring those occurring around them. These findings suggest that tropical protected areas are often intimately linked ecologically to their surrounding habitats, and that a failure to stem broad-scale loss and degradation of such habitats could sharply increase the likelihood of serious biodiversity declines. © 2012 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved.