Sawdust is a product derived from the use of wood, which can be used economically, transforming and adding value to the productive chain of wood. One of its applications may be the production of coal and bio-oil. Activated carbon has a high cost, but it is an option that presents potential of adsorption and removal of cyanotoxins and organic matter present in water supply. The objective of this work was to analyze the quality of sawdust and its potential to be applied in a water purification system, through physical / chemical parameters. The sawdust was characterized according to its chemical composition, in terms of lignin content (38%); Hemicellulose (17.8%), holocellulose (53.9%), elemental analysis: Carbon (48.3%), Hydrogen (5.09%), Nitrogen (0.25%), Oxygen and immediate: Ash (0.19%), Moisture (4.52%), Volatile Material (90.39%) and fixed carbon (4.9%) to be used as raw material for coal production in bed reactor fixed. The variables used to obtain the best product yield were: temperature, heating rate, time and gas flow, according to factorial design 24-1. In addition to the production, coal quality was verified through immediate analysis: Ash (3.42%), Moisture (2,29%), Volatile material (41.04%) and fixed carbon (53.04%). Elemental analysis: Carbon (74.36%), Hydrogen (2.96%), Nitrogen (0.55%) and oxygen (22.13%). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Methylene Blue Index and BET analyzes showed that the coal consists of micropores with a surface area of 1.43819 m² / g evidencing the existence and the quality of the pores present in the coal. The efficiency of removal of organic matter present in the water was evaluated using downstream filters with the obtained carbon. Physical-chemical and microbiological characteristics of the water sample were evaluated before and after filtration. It was observed that the saturation time of sawdust occurred after 10 hours of filter operation, and the highest efficiency in the removal of organic matter occurred in the first 3 hours.
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