There are currently, in 13 families of Testudines, divided into approximately 300
species. The genus Podocnemis has importance in the feeding, symbolic and also medicinal,
especially for the communities of the Amazon and has been impacted in the populations of
diverse species, with the loss of habitats, besides the direct hunting, especially for
commercialization. Thus, the present study aims to establish the population structure of P.
sextuberculata and P. unifilis, in the region of influence of the UHE Belo Monte, on the Xingu-
PA river. The data were collected between the years of 2012 to 2017. For P. sextuberculata,
catches were carried out in the Tabuleiro do Embaubal in the ebb, flood and flood, using four
different capture methods (waiting net, trawl, fishing and viration), with a catch rate of 16.5%
for the study, (86 ♂ (13.6%), 590 ♀ (86.4%) and 7 juveniles (1), with a total of 4128 hours of
sample effort, where a total of 683 %)), the viration method was exclusive for the females and
the most efficient among the methods, and the time of the year with the highest catch was
ebullient, there was only a positive relationship between the trail and the mass of the female.
For P. unifilis, senses were performed in four different locations within the area of direct
influence of the Belo Monte Bus, a total of 1214 transects were covered, with a total of 6070
km of river, accounting for 6214 individuals sighted, with density at 1.02 ind/km, where 481
were males (7.7%) and 928 females (14.9%). In which the sex ratio, 1 ♂: 1.93 ♀, 281 adult
males were seen, which represented 4.5% and the 200 young ones (3.22%) of the population
sampled. The total number of adult females counted was 853 (13.73%), and the number of
young females was 75 (1.21%). The number of adults who did not have their sex determined at
the time of the census was 537 (8.64%) and the number of unidentified youths was 4,268
(68.68%). The area with the highest density was area 6, with 2.89 ind/km. The water surface
temperature at the beginning of the transect was the only environmental variable studied that
presented a significant relation with the density.
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