The increased demand for energy sources has attracted interest in investing in the use and production of renewable sources. Ethanol is a great example, as it represents an alternative source of energy, reduces the emission of polluting gases and is a renewable source, and can be produced from sugarcane, soybeans, castor beans, corn, among others. In this context, lignocellulosic ethanol appears, produced from cellulose present in the lignocellulosic biomass. One of the main factors that involves the production of lignocellulosic ethanol is a deconstruction of the cell wall, liberating the polysaccharides as a source of fermented sugars, in an efficient and economically viable way, in a pretreatment process. Among the different types of previous treatment, with the solution for the deconstruction of the vegetal wall, improving the accessibility of the cellulose and improving the yield in fermentable sugars. In this case, 1-n-butyl-3-methyl-imidazole bromide ([BMIM +] [Br]); 1-n-butyl3-methyl-imidazole acetate ([BMIM +] [Ac-]), methyl imidazole chloride ([HMIM +] [Cl]); 1-Butyl-3-methyl-imidazole hydrogen sulfate [BMIM +] [HSO4-] and 1-n-butyl-3methyl-imidazole Tetrafluorborate ([BMIM +] [BF4-]); In two cycles of pre-treatment of the lignocellulosic biomass Pennisetum purpureum (elephantgrass). It was verified that the elephantgrass biomass pretreated by LIs remained highly digestible, presenting good enzymatic hydrolysis yields (44-72%) after the second cycle of LI use. This reduces expenditures in one step towards biomass production, demonstrating its application on an industrial scale and extremely attractive from the economic point of view.
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