Although sanitation techniques are effective for removing pollutants in water, the sector is still
in a critical scenario, where only 42.7% of the urban population has access to sewage services
(collection and treatment), in distant regions of the great centers this precariousness is even
more evident. The absence of these services leads to environmental unhealthiness, contributing
to pollution and contamination of water bodies, as is the case of contamination of water bodies
by the release of untreated effluent with a large supply of phosphorus. The objective of this
study was to propose a simplified alternative for the treatment of effluent that can be used in a
decentralized manner. In the first part of the study, it was elucidated how social participation
can promote social control in sanitation actions and what is the importance of decision making.
In the second part of the study, the sorbet material (laterite) was characterized and evaluated
for its ability to adsorb phosphorus in an aqueous medium. The best conditions were obtained
for adsorption to occur so that this adsorbent material could be used in simplified techniques as
a proposal for social technology in order to meet the demand of the most economically
vulnerable groups and those decentralized. It was found that laterite with a particle size of
0.150mm has a potential for phosphorus adsorption with 87.9% removal, which is an advantage
in terms of its availability in cerrado soils. The results demonstrate that the use of less robust
and more accessible technologies, such as the use of active filters, make it possible to bring
sanitation to rural areas, marginalized areas and all those that are neglected in terms ofsanitation
services.
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