Poisoning caused by snakes of the Bothrops genus represents about 90% of snake
accidents in Brazil and the Bothrops moojeni snake is the main species causing accidents
in Tocantins. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological
profile of those injured by snakes of the botropic genus, the environmental factors that
facilitate the accident, the experimental toxicity of Bothrops moojeni for the state of
Tocantins and the neutralization of this poison by the commercial botropic antivenom. The
epidemiological profile of patients in botropic accidents sought to support the
understanding of the dynamics of this disease, with data from 2007 to 2019, obtained from
the TabWin-SINAN platform. The correlation of snakebite accidents with some of the
environmental factors was evaluated, such as rainfall, air temperature, relative humidity
and agricultural progress, in the cities of Araguaína, Palmas and Porto Nacional, based
on data available at IBGE and INMET. To evaluate the toxicity of Bothrops moojeni venom
and its neutralization with antivenom, defibrinogenating, edematogenic, hemorrhagic,
fibrinolytic, myotoxic and coagulant activities were tested. 7,906 cases of botropic
accidents were observed during the analyzed period, with a classic epidemiological
aspect: male was the most injured (76.7%), the predominant age was 20-59 years
(62.0%), with accidents classified as mild to moderate (89.6%) and 0.4% of deaths.
Araguaína was the city with the highest number of accidents (6.5%), followed by Palmas
(4.2%) and Porto Nacional (3.4%). The seasonal environmental variables of air
temperature, relative humidity and rainfall were determinant in the incidence of these
accidents, in the three cities analyzed. For agricultural progress, there was a correlation
for Araguaína (production of beans, cassava and corn) and Palmas (production of beans).
Bothrops moojeni venom showed all the biological characteristics tested and botropic
antivenom was able to neutralize them. Therefore, the occurrence of botropic accidents
in the state of Tocantins has an influence on environmental conditions and affects the
most active age group of the population. Bothrops moojeni venom showed standard
characteristics found in other jararacas venoms, and the antivenom was validated for this
species, which occurs in Tocantins territory.
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