Introduction: The patient affected by a malignant neoplasm undergoes profound
transformations, not only in the biological sphere, but also in the social, family, and
spiritual spheres. Thus, it is extremely necessary that the nursing professional be
able to provide him/her with a humanized and efficient care, through a full,
stimulating, affectionate care, and committed to helping him/her as to the adaptation
and facing of this new reality. Objective: This study aims to investigate how the
teaching of oncology has been working on the initial training of nurses in public
Universities in the Northern Region of Brazil. Method: This is a descriptive and
exploratory study, with a qualitative approach. The study was conducted between
August and September 2019. The curricula of public nursing undergraduate courses
in Northern Brazil, recognized and active in the E-MEC, were analyzed. The
Universities that were registered as de-accredited in the Education Ministry system
were excluded and did not make available PPC, Matrix or Commentary either
through the website or by email request. The methodology chosen was that of
documentary research in conjunction with Bardin's content analysis. All the material
was first read, and later information was collected as to whether or not there were
compulsory or optional oncology/cancerology disciplines, disciplines that had content
related to the theme researched in their comments, and the objectives and profile of
the graduate of the course that worked on the academic preparation directed to the
national or regional epidemiological profile, and on the completeness of the
assistance. The data obtained were organized and categorized. Results: Among the
participating in the sample, it was possible to obtain only the PPC of 10 (76.9%)
institutions, and of these, only 7 (70%) had complete Curriculum and Ementary
Matrix; 01 (7.6) HEIs provided exclusively online Curriculum and Ementary Matrix;
and 02 (15.3%) only the Curriculum Matrix, also online. After data collection, it was
possible to observe that among all Higher Education Institutions in the Northern
Region of the country that offer the undergraduate course in Nursing, none of them
have a specific discipline of oncology in their curriculum, either mandatory or
optional. In 8 universities, the subjects of the Curriculum Matrix work on oncology related content in a mandatory/optative manner, however, these focused primarily on
the process of cancer formation and not its assistance. It was also possible to
observe that even without a specific discipline, the institutions had in their objectives
and graduate profile in the Course Pedagogical Proposals (PPCs) the need for the
development of a training focused on the national and regional epidemiological
profile and the need for an assistance based on the principle of integrality.
Considerations: It was possible to observe a fragility of the undergraduate courses
in terms of disciplines and oncological content. Even the HEIs that present related
disciplines do not appear in their matrices to make an interrelation between the
contents of Genetics, Pathology, with the other components of the curriculum matrix,
except perhaps, Women's Health, and the latter addresses themes solely directed to
the preventive part of breast and cervical cancer. From this, it is suggested that the
HEIs rethink the curricula of nursing courses in order to deepen the training of their
graduates in this area.
|
