This study is an interdisciplinary scientific contribution on architecture and climate in
the central region of Brazilian Cerrado, in the city of Palmas (TO). It was knowledge
designed for the general population, professionals and academics with an interest in
the development of building projects with better environmental comfort and less energy
consumption. It addresses the influence of solar orientation and types of atmospheric
weather on the radiation thermal gain, air temperature and thermal comfort inside the
building. To obtain the data, two types of vertical housing in middle class residential
condominiums were analyzed with different types of finishing pattern, number of floors,
construction systems and location. The analyzes of the buildings were built based on
data of indoor temperature and air humidity in the housing units, thermographic images
of the facades, external temperature of the facades, volume of clouds in the sky and
active air masses, simulations of sunlight, shading and gain in the thermal load of the
facades of the buildings, solar radiation values and comfort inside the apartments,
considering the heat index. The results obtained show that the west facade is not
always the one with the worst thermal performance, and that apartments facing this
orientation will not always have the worst thermal performance. It was possible to verify
that the thermal gain in all the facades can vary according to the time of the year and
the types of atmospheric weather. In summer, the west side does not show a constant
behavior regarding thermal gain. In winter, the west stands out in the values reached
in its temperature, together with the north facade, which receives solar radiation from
sunrise to sunset. The material chosen for the wrapping of the building's facades can
influence and even enhance the thermal gain, as is the case with color or the use of
glass. The variations in the types of weather, more or less constant in autumn-winter,
but very variable in spring-summer, demonstrate that this study does not exhaust the
subject and point to the need for more research. As a result obtained in the interview
with the city's architects, the economic factor and the mercantilist view of the real estate
market are other variables that complicate this balance between building, thermal
comfort and energy efficiency.
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