Drug therapy for oral disorders occurs using substances with antimicrobial, anti-
inflammatory and/or antifungal activity; the growing number of strains resistant to
conventional therapy, stimulates the search for bioactive substances, making
phytotherapics promising agents in the treatment of oral diseases, such as dental caries,
periodontal disease and mucositis. With recognized anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory,
and healing activity by traditional communities (quilombolas), baru has been researched
and scientific experiments corroborate the therapeutic applicability in which Dipteryx
alata has been submitted. With the intention of investigating a possible use of extracts
from the leaves of D. alata in the treatment of oral diseases, this work proposed a two-
phase methodology. The first phase aimed to carry out a systematic survey of the literature
on the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of oral diseases, gathering experimental
research articles and/or literature review, with full and free texts from PubMed, LILACS,
SciELO and ScienceDirect, published in English or Portuguese, peer-reviewed, from
2018 to 2022, using as keywords: Medicinal plants, Phytotherapy and Dentistry. 216
works were identified; according to the eligibility criteria, 192 articles were excluded (58
duplicate works, 97 were not experimental research and/or literature review, and 38
articles were discarded after reading the title and abstract for not providing data on the
comparison group), resulting in the final sample of 24 articles. According to the
publications analyzed, several medicinal plants have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory,
and antifungal activity against the main oral microorganisms and some of the substances
mentioned can be used as an antiseptic. The effectiveness of herbal medicines has been
proven, with therapeutic superiority in relation to allopathic medicines, being a viable
option in the treatment and control of oral diseases. The second phase aimed at the
chemical screening of extracts from the leaves of D. alata Vogel, toxicological analysis
and antimicrobial activity against oral microbiota, evaluating three hydroethanolic
extracts obtained by ultrasound assisted (Ultrasound Crude Extract - ECU) and Soxhlet
apparatus (Soxhlet Crude Extract - SCE and Soxhlet Ethanol Extract - SEE). The
phytochemical analysis identified the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phytosterols and
saponins in all extracts; alkaloids were identified in the SCE and SEE. In the LC-DAD
chromatography caffeic acid, rutin, quercetin, luteolin and kampferol were identified and
in the GC-MS analysis, campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol in all extracts. In the
analysis of DPPH• and ABTS•+ antioxidant activity, SEE showed greater efficiency
(IC50 = 2.98 ± 2.92 and 6.57 ± 0.89 μg/mL, respectively). In the toxicity test with A.
cepa, all extracts at a concentration of 50 μg/ml stimulated root growth; at 250 μg/ml,
UCE and SEE stimulated root growth and at 750 μg/ml only SEE inhibited root growth.
In the A. salina toxicity test, all extracts were considered non-toxic, and antibacterial
activity was identified against S. aureus and S. mutans microorganisms, however, the
extracts did not show antifungal action against the C. albicans strain. It was possible to
identify the therapeutic potential of the analyzed extracts of D. alata for applicability in
dentistry.
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