This work presents an introductory study about fractals that are irregular figures
with certain characteristics. Some characters who contributed several discoveries
to fractal geometry were Benoit Mandelbrot, George Cantor, Wanclaw Sierpinski,
Helge Van Kock, Felix Hausdorff. Initially, a historical overview of Benoit
Mandelbrot, considered the father of Fractal Geometry, was explained. The
primordial characteristics of a fractal were elucidated, among which are the selfsimilarity,
infinite complexity and fractal dimension, and they were classified as
deterministic fractals, computer generated fractals or even random fractals. This
research emphasizes the fractal dimension, as it aims to conceptualize and
exemplify the existence of objects with a decimal dimension and an infinite-length
curve. Thus, these discussions were brought and examples were explained using
known fractals such as, for example, the Cantor Set, the Koch Curve, the
Sierpinski Triangle and the Peano Curve, and later the applicability in medicine
to diagnose some diseases was addressed and types of cancer and/or use it in
the classroom as a motivation to teach geometric progressions, showing the
versatility in teaching fractals.
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