This thesis aims fundamentally to study the influence of national and international issues in the communist parties in Brazil, and especially the impact caused in these parties by the crisis of socialism, the fall of the Berlin Wall, the end of Albania and the collapse of USSR. Among the studied issues there are included the tense balance between national and international conditions that fostered the existence of two PCs in Brazil, both been internationally recognized. Given this crack that happened, we split the reflex of these international models in the field of Brazilian left, giving distinct characterization about the own strategy of socialism to be followed: if reform or revolution. In this process there are examined, especially the period from 1985 to 2006, ie the beginning of the New Republic in Brazil, with the legalization of PCs until the completion of the mandate of Lula, first leftist president elected. For this, we analyze the strategic-tactical line of the communists in consonance, firstly with PMDB, and then untying with PCdoB, ahead of this tactic; associating to PT. With the crisis of socialism that swept Eastern Europe, are noteworthy, therefore, that the impact had this debacle, most emphatically, in the hosts of PCB encouraging the construction of the PPS, and reflecting further on the path that these two distinct associations had throughout the 90s and 2000. Regarding the PcdoB, it implies the we examine how this crisis of socialism occurred in this party and hence its rethinking and the deepening of this organization in national politics, letting go of the alleged international models. It is a work of historical reconstruction where, in addition to bibliographic sources and election results, it uses mainly the party documentation of the treated period.
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