Análise temporal da dinâmica da paisagem na sub-bacia do Rio Javaés
During the last decades, the earth's vegetation cover has been greatly affected by anthropic action, affecting not only the quality of human life, but also the characteristics of the ecosystem. Vegetation dynamics and changes in vegetation cover can influence several environmental aspects, and es...
| Autor principal: | Santos, Beatriz Conceição dos |
|---|---|
| Grau: | Monografia |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Federal do Tocantins
2023
|
| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
http://hdl.handle.net/11612/5897 |
| id |
ir-11612-5897 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
dspace |
| spelling |
ir-11612-58972023-09-22T06:02:12Z Análise temporal da dinâmica da paisagem na sub-bacia do Rio Javaés Santos, Beatriz Conceição dos Melo Neto, José de Oliveira Ecologia da paisagem; Cobertura do solo; Processamento digital de imagens; Métricas de paisagem; Fragmentação florestal; Landscape ecology; Ground cover; Digital image processing; Landscape metrics; Forest fragmentation CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS During the last decades, the earth's vegetation cover has been greatly affected by anthropic action, affecting not only the quality of human life, but also the characteristics of the ecosystem. Vegetation dynamics and changes in vegetation cover can influence several environmental aspects, and especially the hydrological processes of a basin, in addition to influencing water availability. The state of Tocantins stands out for having great potential for agriculture due to the existence of fertile land and water availability. As a result, the growth of agricultural activities in Tocantins became a highlight in Brazil. In this sense, applications of digital image processing techniques and analysis of spatial metrics are important sources of useful information to monitor the use of forest cover, estimating how much these generated impacts affect biodiversity. This work sought to apply these techniques to understand the structural and temporal dynamics of the landscape in the sub-basin of the Javaés River, which is located in the southwest region of the state of Tocantins. To carry out the land cover classification process, satellite images from the LANDSAT series were used for the years 2000, 2010 and 2020. From the images of each period, mosaics and clippings were generated using the QGIS software. The selection of spatial metrics was based on ecological precepts according to Metzger and the data were processed in the ArcGis program. In the first two years, the changes were not very significant visually when compared to the year 2020, where there was a significant reduction in native vegetation, mainly around the watercourses, some stretches basically did not show a spectral response from the water, probably due to the siltation process, and possibly causing the increase of sandbanks. With regard to the landscape metrics applied, an increase of 26.57% of anthropized areas was observed in the period of 20 years, a reduction of 35.31% of the natural vegetation of the sub-basin, and a reduction of 41.91% in the class of water/wetlands. Thus, it is concluded that the increase in anthropized areas to the detriment of native vegetation, due to the advance of pasture and agriculture areas, caused an increase in the number of vegetation fragments and consequently a reduction in the areas of this class. Durante as últimas décadas, a cobertura vegetal da terra foi muito afetada pela ação antrópica, afetando não somente a qualidade de vida humana, mas também as características do ecossistema. A dinâmica da vegetação e as alterações na cobertura vegetal podem influenciar em diversos aspectos ambientais, e sobretudo nos processos hidrológicos de uma bacia, além de influenciar na disponibilidade hídrica. O estado do Tocantins destaca-se por apresentar grande potencial para a agricultura pela existência de terras férteis e disponibilidade hídrica. Com isso, o crescimento de atividades agrícolas no Tocantins tornou-se destaque no Brasil. Nesse sentido, aplicações de técnicas de processamento digital de imagens e análise de métricas espaciais são importantes fontes de informações úteis para monitorar uso da cobertura florestal, estimando o quanto esses impactos gerados afetam a biodiversidade. Este trabalho buscou aplicar essas técnicas para compreender a dinâmica estrutural e temporal da paisagem na sub-bacia hidrográfica do Rio Javaés que fica localizado na região sudoeste do estado do Tocantins. Para realização do processo de classificação da cobertura do solo foram utilizadas imagens de satélite da série LANDSAT, para os anos 2000, 2010 e 2020. A partir das imagens de cada período foram gerados mosaicos e recortes utilizando o software QGIS. A seleção das métricas espaciais foi baseada em preceitos ecológicos de acordo com Metzger e os dados foram processados no programa ArcGis. Nos dois primeiros anos as mudanças foram pouco significativas visualmente quando comparado ao ano de 2020, onde observa-se uma redução significativa na vegetação nativa, principalmente no entorno dos cursos d’água, alguns trechos basicamente não apresentaram resposta espectral da água, provavelmente devido ao processo de assoreamento, e possivelmente causando o aumento dos bancos de areia. Com relação as métricas de paisagem aplicadas notou-se um aumento de 26,57% de áreas antropizadas no período de 20 anos, a redução de 35,31% da vegetação natural da sub-bacia, e a redução de 41,91% na classe de água/áreas alagadas. Dessa forma, conclui-se que o aumento das áreas antropizadas em detrimento da vegetação nativa, pelo avanço das áreas de pastagem e agricultura, causou um aumento no número de fragmentos de vegetação e consequentemente uma redução nas áreas dessa classe 2023-09-21T09:56:36Z 2023-09-21T09:56:36Z 2023-09-21 Monografia SANTOS, Beatriz Conceição dos. Análise temporal da dinâmica da paisagem na sub-bacia do Rio Javaés. 2023.31f. TCC (Graduação) - Curso de Engenharia Florestal, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Gurupi, 2023. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/5897 pt_BR application/pdf Universidade Federal do Tocantins Gurupi CURSO::GURUPI::PRESENCIAL::BACHARELADO::ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL Gurupi Graduação |
| institution |
Repositório Institucional - Universidade Federal do Tocantins - UFT |
| collection |
RepositorioUFT |
| language |
pt_BR |
| topic |
Ecologia da paisagem; Cobertura do solo; Processamento digital de imagens; Métricas de paisagem; Fragmentação florestal; Landscape ecology; Ground cover; Digital image processing; Landscape metrics; Forest fragmentation CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS |
| spellingShingle |
Ecologia da paisagem; Cobertura do solo; Processamento digital de imagens; Métricas de paisagem; Fragmentação florestal; Landscape ecology; Ground cover; Digital image processing; Landscape metrics; Forest fragmentation CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS Santos, Beatriz Conceição dos Análise temporal da dinâmica da paisagem na sub-bacia do Rio Javaés |
| topic_facet |
Ecologia da paisagem; Cobertura do solo; Processamento digital de imagens; Métricas de paisagem; Fragmentação florestal; Landscape ecology; Ground cover; Digital image processing; Landscape metrics; Forest fragmentation CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS |
| description |
During the last decades, the earth's vegetation cover has been greatly affected by
anthropic action, affecting not only the quality of human life, but also the characteristics of the
ecosystem. Vegetation dynamics and changes in vegetation cover can influence several
environmental aspects, and especially the hydrological processes of a basin, in addition to
influencing water availability. The state of Tocantins stands out for having great potential for
agriculture due to the existence of fertile land and water availability. As a result, the growth of
agricultural activities in Tocantins became a highlight in Brazil. In this sense, applications of
digital image processing techniques and analysis of spatial metrics are important sources of
useful information to monitor the use of forest cover, estimating how much these generated
impacts affect biodiversity. This work sought to apply these techniques to understand the
structural and temporal dynamics of the landscape in the sub-basin of the Javaés River, which
is located in the southwest region of the state of Tocantins. To carry out the land cover
classification process, satellite images from the LANDSAT series were used for the years 2000,
2010 and 2020. From the images of each period, mosaics and clippings were generated using
the QGIS software. The selection of spatial metrics was based on ecological precepts according
to Metzger and the data were processed in the ArcGis program. In the first two years, the
changes were not very significant visually when compared to the year 2020, where there was a
significant reduction in native vegetation, mainly around the watercourses, some stretches
basically did not show a spectral response from the water, probably due to the siltation process,
and possibly causing the increase of sandbanks. With regard to the landscape metrics applied,
an increase of 26.57% of anthropized areas was observed in the period of 20 years, a reduction
of 35.31% of the natural vegetation of the sub-basin, and a reduction of 41.91% in the class of
water/wetlands. Thus, it is concluded that the increase in anthropized areas to the detriment of
native vegetation, due to the advance of pasture and agriculture areas, caused an increase in the
number of vegetation fragments and consequently a reduction in the areas of this class. |
| author_additional |
Melo Neto, José de Oliveira |
| author_additionalStr |
Melo Neto, José de Oliveira |
| format |
Monografia |
| author |
Santos, Beatriz Conceição dos |
| title |
Análise temporal da dinâmica da paisagem na sub-bacia do Rio Javaés |
| title_short |
Análise temporal da dinâmica da paisagem na sub-bacia do Rio Javaés |
| title_full |
Análise temporal da dinâmica da paisagem na sub-bacia do Rio Javaés |
| title_fullStr |
Análise temporal da dinâmica da paisagem na sub-bacia do Rio Javaés |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Análise temporal da dinâmica da paisagem na sub-bacia do Rio Javaés |
| title_sort |
análise temporal da dinâmica da paisagem na sub-bacia do rio javaés |
| publisher |
Universidade Federal do Tocantins |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11612/5897 |
| _version_ |
1787134830319763456 |
| score |
11.755432 |