Hunger is one of the greatest challenges facing humanity throughout history. Thus, the International Community, especially after the end of World War II, sought to develop means to fight it. However, despite the debate having evolved in several aspects, the problem persists in escalation. Currently, 125,2 million Brazilians are on some level of food insecurity. Of these, 33 million are starving. These numbers show the seriousness of the problem in the country. Brazil presents a great paradox: while the records are broken, especially in grain production, we also see records for deforestation and hunger. This scenario is not simply due to the pandemic crisis that the world has been facing since 2020. Data from the 2017-2018 Family Budget Survey (POF) had already shown the increase in hunger in Brazil and that the country was heading back to the World Hunger Map, which it had left in 2014. The main objective of this study is to analyze the implications and consequences of the adoption of neoliberal policies aimed at agribusiness in Brazil and their impacts on the Food Sovereignty of the population in the 2010s. Hunger in Brazil is the result of an exploratory system that sees food as commodities. The fight against hunger essentially represents the fight against a contradictory capitalist system and against neo-imperialism, based on principles of respect for the environment and Food Sovereignty. It is necessary for this process to encourage Family Agriculture, efficient Agrarian Reforms and the fight against rural poverty.
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