The evolution of screens for portable devices has been an important consequence of technological innovation in recent decades. As a result, it became possible to transport and access electronic devices anywhere, making them an inseparable part of people's daily lives, including children's. The use of screens in childhood has exceeded all recommendations from the scientific community. According to some authors, children are experiencing a process of "digital literacy" even before learning to read or write. Given the need for more academic production on the subject and the recognition that this is the stage of life when individuals are most susceptible to digital dependency disorders, the central objective of this work was to investigate the neurodevelopmental impairments caused by excessive screen use during childhood. This study consists of a narrative literature review conducted through searches in the databases SciElo - Scientific Electronic Library Online, Google Scholar, BVSpsi, and PubMed, using the following keywords: "screen time," "child development," and "digital era." Several authors agreed that excessive screen use causes physical, cognitive, and social health issues. Parental intervention was also proposed as a way to enable healthy screen access, as cited authors suggest that parents often struggle to set limits due to their own excessive screen use. Therefore, it is essential to provide guidance and raise awareness among parents.
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