The papaya culture has great importance for national fruit
growing due to its social and economic aspects, highlighting Brazil
as one of the world's great fruit producers. Among the biological
factors are the action of phytopathogens that cause great damage in
field conditions and also in post-harvest. This will increase the demand
for new natural-based products to help reduce these losses.
Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different
essential oils associated with biofilms in the papaya anthracnose
control and in the post-harvest quality of fruits. A completely randomized
design was used in all trials. Among the treatments,
biofilms were used: gelatin, paraffin and sunflower oil which were
incorporated into the essential oils of noni (Morinda citrifolia), rosemary
pepper (Lippia sidoides) and their respective major compounds
represented by octanoic acid and thymol. After treatments and after
24 h, the fruits were inoculated with disks of 6 mm diameter of C.
gloeosporioides, and kept in a humid chamber for ten days at room
temperature of 27 ± 3ºC. The essential oils presented significant efficiency
in the inhibition of the conidial germination of Colletotrichum
gloeosporioides. Disease control was assessed according
to the Area Under the Disease Progression Curve (AACPD), where it w u h h m biofilm was paraffin with noni. It
was verified that all the essential oils reduced the germination of
conidia of C. gloeosporioides, due to the increase of the concentrations.
Regarding mycelial growth, it was observed that the essential
oils of noni and lippia had a greater inhibitory effect. In the evaluation
of the loss of mass of the fruits were observed lower losses in
the treatment using paraffin incorporated into the essential oil of
rosemary pepper and paraffin incorporated into essential oil of noni.
Regarding the influence of the treatment on the ripening period of
the fruits, the sunflower oil + noni followed by sunflower oil + octanoic
acid maintained the fruits without maturing for a longer time.
Through the results it was possible to conclude that biofilms incorporated
with essential oils are a viable option for the control of C.
gloeosporioides in papaya and for maintenance of its post-harvest
quality.
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