Studies prove that the extraction of Brazil nuts, although it helps in the regeneration
of Brazil nuts land, has not been such a profitable activity for the quilombolas of Alto
Trombetas. In this context, this dissertation analyzes the production chain of Brazil nuts,
following parameters of socio-environmental justice in this bioeconomy. The methodologies
used were: a literature review, a description of the chain through valuelinks and an analysis of
the speeches of the actors involved. So, this work dares to simulate a production chain, so that
the purchase and sale values for the kilogram of Brazil nuts have greater equity between the
actors in the chain. The proposal follows a fair trade model and exposes some strategies to
maintain coloniality and injustices present in the production chain of Brazil nuts from the nut
groves of the Alto Trombetas’s quilombos. Thus, it concludes that there is a mutual relationship
between the traditional quilombola way of life and the chestnut trees, which is fundamental for
the existence of the production chain. And that there is a need for greater participation by
extractivists in the governance of the chain to balance the distribution of profitability, to adapt
the concept of fair trade.
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