Priprioca (Cyperus articulatus L.) is a medicinal plant traditionally used against inflammation.
Studies on the essential oil of this species have led to the identification of sesquiterpene
substances. However, little is known about the use of the solid residues generated after the
extraction of the essential oil of this species. The objective of this work was to investigate the
chemical composition and to evaluate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiproliferative
activity in vitro of the ethanolic extract of solid residues generated from the extraction of the
essential oil of Cyperus articulatus L., in peritoneal macrophages of mice and cell lines tumor
cells. The following methodology was used to achieve these objectives: chromatographic
analysis, cell viability, nitric oxide production, prostaglandins type 2, interleukin 1 beta,
tumor necrosis factor alpha and reactive oxygen species, arginase activity, antiproliferative
activity. Results: The chemical composition analysis indicated the presence of monoterpenes,
sesquiterpenes and especially sesquiterpene ketones as major constituents. The results showed
that the treatment with ethanolic extract of Cyperus articulatus L. decreases the production of
reactive species of oxygen, nitric oxide, prostaglandins type 2, interleukin 1 beta, tumor
necrosis factor alpha, activity of the arginase enzyme and proliferation of cancer cells. The
ethanolic extract of Cyperus articulatus L. also showed no cytotoxicity at concentrations of
12.5, 25 and 50 μg / mL. The results indicated that the extract of Cyperus articulatus L. exerts
antioxidant, antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activity in experimental models in vitro.
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