This work aimed to explain how the different surface conditions influence the dynamics of the components of
the energy balance along the Santarém-Cuiaba highway (BR-163). For this, the temporal evolution of 16 years
along the area of influence of the BR-163 was determined, through multispectral images MODIS sensor
(Moderate resolution Imaging Spectro radiometer) aboard Terra satellite and TM (Thematic Mapper) sensor
aboard the Landsat satellite 5. Both images were available free of charge from the LPDAAC / USGS website
(https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/) in an interface called GLOVIS (Global Visualization Viewer) for Images and MODIS
products and on the United States Geological Survey - USGS for TM sensor. The semi-empirical SEBAL
(Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land) model was used in which multispectral satellites images and few
surface data such as temperature and humidity of the air are used to obtain the components of the Energy
Balance. In addition, measured data were used in the micrometeorological tower installed at the Santarém-
Cuiabá Highway logo, more specifically in an agricultural area at 77 km from the urban center of Santarém-PA
for validation. Data from the INMET meteorological station in Belterra - PA were used to calibrate the SEBAL
Algorithm. It was verified that the use of the soil in the area of influence of the Santarém Cuiabá Highway (BR-
163) consists in the reduction of the vegetal cover and temperature increase in every scene of study during 16
years, whose surface conditions that presented higher temperatures Were the urban centers, Agriculture and
Pasture + highways. Regarding the albedo, there were lower values in the classes of bodies of water, rock
outcrops and agriculture + pasture. It was observed higher values of Long-Wave Radiation emitted by the
surface (RL ↑) in the urban centers, Agriculture and savanna casse due to the surface heating in these classes
being greater than the atmosphere. When analyzing the flows of Sensitive (H) and Latent (LE) Heat, there was a
greater tendency to aridity in urbanized area, agriculture and pasture + highways, where there were lower values
of LE and higher of H. In view of the results found, The importance of the vegetation on the local climate, since
variables of the components of the Radiation Balance showed to be remarkably different for each surface
condition mainly to those whose practice consists in the reduction of fragments of vegetation, reducing the
balance of Radiation due to the increase Of the albedo and emission of infrared radiation from the surface.
Although it has been observed that in the surface conditions, whose practice consists in the reduction of the
vegetation cover that significantly impacts the evapotranspiration (ET) rates, reducing the values. The forest
fragments and remaining water bodies are sufficient to supply this ET deficit in the study region. It was verified
that the Conservation Units are a good strategy both to maintain ideal conditions in maintaining the return of
humidity to the atmosphere and hydrological cycle. Mainly the conservation units in the modalities of National
Forest and Park. The SEBAL algorithm with the remote sensing stands out with great potential in the
measurement of energy balance and radiation components for large and heterogeneous areas, being as good as
the conventional method of point-scale evaluation.
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