This paper presents results of research on the history of the Social Movement for the creation and defense of the Extractive Reserve Renascer (Rebirth RESEX), in the municipality of Prainha, in the Lower Amazon region, west of the State of Pará this trajectory, we highlight the opportunity structures policies for the role of social movements and their corresponding repertoires, benchmarks, strategies and action tendencies toward institutionalization, which are analyzed from the perspective of the school's political process (TILLY, 1978; TARROW, 1997) combined with the theory of action collective (TOURAINE, 1989) and other approaches culturalist social movements Amazon. The study period covers the end of the 1990s – a time when we have news of the arrival of logging companies in the region, beginning with social joints to create a protected site - until the year 2011 – with the incipient debates for the construction of the Management Plan for the conservation unit. In this study wondered if winning the RESEX Reborn would be cumulative result of historical and mobilization strategies, political coalition of local leaders and traditional communities in this Amazon region, and / or if this achievement was associated with institutional changes, historical and structural occurred within the State and in the patterns of relationship between this and the civil society. It was concluded that although the achievements of social movements have used the structure of political opportunities (legal framework, political and institutional) at the federal, were organizing strategies - from the culture and history of the movement - which guaranteed and guarantee such a level of cohesion and strength, revealing themselves as overweight. Moreover, although the strategies of collective action of social movements have been influenced by the structure of political opportunities of this period, such strategies have influenced this structure in greater proportion by encouraging a cycle of protests to other social movements similar identity in the region. It was also observed that, even with the creation of extractive reserves and the organization of the movement for its management can not speak in complete institutionalization of the social movement. This was bound to keep strategies protests, complaints and claims (including codes of civil disobedience) to ensure the rights already won, against the ongoing threat of groups that are opposed (countermovement to RESEX)
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