This dissertation aims to develop a systemic analysis of the problems of urban flooding and flooding in the lowland areas of Belém (PA), with a view to identifying its causes and pointing out forms of urban planning for its treatment. The present study used as a methodological strategy an integrated environmental analysis of the thematic, with the appreciation of different dimensions of knowledge towards the environmental multidisciplinarity. The dimensions of knowledge encompassed in this research deal with the physiographic dimensions; anthropogenic and political; based on classical theoretical references of each field. In addition, the execution of the work relied on operational procedures such as the use of a geoprocessing tool, as well as the use of rainfall event information during the period from Feb. 2018 (mid of the superhumid season) to June 2018 (beginning of the wet season). The results of the research show that the problems of urban floods and floods have complex causes and have intensifying agents that vary according to the location of the impacted area. In general, the anthropogenic action is largely responsible for the intensification of events due to the transformation processes of the lowland areas. With regard to the forms of urban planning required to deal with the problem, the research found that it is essential to implement a set of structural and non-structural measures that comprise the dimensions of physiographic knowledge; anthropogenic and political / institutional analysis of the local study. Among the measures, adequate sewage treatment and uninterrupted dredging of the drainage system are considered in order to reduce the frequency of flooding. In addition, the application of sustainable urban planning practices, such as the renaturalization plan for stretches of urban channels, has been presented as an innovative measure in the contemporary urban environmental agenda for the purpose of recovering the flooded beds of transformed canals, and consequently in the greater control of the events of urban floods in areas near channels. Finally, the research concludes that the feasibility of urban planning forms with the environmental sustainability bias, such as the renaturalization plan of stretches of urban channels, depends on the valorization of the local political / institutional element.
|
