The text deals with the reflection on the categories: rural black community and remnant quilombo
community in a perspective of identities and rights, bringing as a case study a remnant quilombo
community in the north of the state of Tocantins - the quilombola community Ilha de São Vicente,
featuring itself as a literature search and case study. The article will briefly contextualize the state of
Tocantins and then discuss the categories mentioned. As a result, it is possible to affirm that social
groups assume their identities to meet legal, political, social and cultural issues, and the rural black
communities descended from the old quilombos or the old groups of black peasants (SCHMITT;
TURATTI; CARVALHO, 2002), have a deep relationship with the territory, which must be carried
out in practice because it is already guaranteed by legislation.
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