In this thesis, we investigated following the normative genesis of International Conventions and
national legislation on the environment and human rights, on the extension and application of
the so-called Rights of access to information, participation and access to justice in
environmental issues, and how they have been effective or not, the exercise of these rights the
reality of the neighborhoods Araguaia and Nossa Senhora Aparecida, located on the route of
the “EFC” Railway, in the urban area of Marabá. It was defended and proved, as the main
hypothesis, that the denial of these access rights opens space, not only for the violation of rights
inherent to a healthy environment, but also contributes to mitigating the population's perception
of socio-environmental impacts. In that, followed for this analysis, mainly the theoretical
referential of the State of Environmental Democracy, and adopted as scientific method the
hypothetical-deductive, which was allied to the technique of bibliographic and documentary
research, together with the field research developed in these neighborhoods, in which several
socio-environmental impacts were widely raised, mainly from the duplication of the railway
branch between the years of 2012-2016, still having repercussions today, a diversity of negative
impacts, linked to the exploration and disposal of ore through the railbranch. Thus, the
feasibility of this thesis was considered, whose central problem was to research: to what extent,
the individual or collective exercise of environmental access rights, has contributed to the
perception and prevention of socio-environmental impacts, especially in the Araguaia and
Nossa Senhora Aparecida neighborhoods, in the urban area of Marabá, located on the EFC route
(Estrada de Ferro Carajás). In conclusion, that in communities such as those studied in this
research, the exercise of environmental access rights, in its three modalities, is of fundamental
importance for the defense of the environment and also of other human rights, but it is fully
observable that there is a nimbalance of forces among affected populations in the face of big
business, represented by companies and their strategies to control social and population risks,
thus affecting the exercise of environmental democracy and the guarantee of other human
rights.
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