INTRODUCTION: Feminicide is a public health problem worldwide, with Brazil
occupying the 5th position among the countries that kill the most. In order to combat
feminicide, it is imperative to understand its association with social determinants of health,
and spatial analysis is a fundamental tool for this. OBJECTIVE:
To analyze the spatial and space-time scenario of the femicide rate and its relationship with
the social determinants of health in the State of Pará between 2016 and 2021. METHODS:
An ecological study using secondary data from the Integrated Public Security System
(SISP-WEB). Gross municipal feminicide rates were analyzed using spatial distribution
and autocorrelation (Gi statistic), temporal-spatial risk analysis, and geographically
weighted spatial regression (GWR). RESULTS: During the study period, 339 cases of
feminicide were reported in Pará. The spatial distribution of the feminicide rate during the
study period showed a territorial expansion, with municipalities in the Metropolitan
Region of Belém, Northeast, Southeast, and Southwest of Pará being the most affected
areas. From 2016 to 2018, there was a high-high in feminicide rate (hotspot) formed by
municipalities in the southeast and southwest of Pará, while between 2019 and 2021, there
were two hotspots in the southeast and northeast. The spatio-temporal analysis revealed
only one risk zone (RR=2.11; p<0.000) in the period from 2018 to 2020 that consisted of
municipalities in the Metropolitan region of Belém, Northeast, Lower Amazonas,
Southeast and Southwest of Pará. The GWR showed that the variability of the feminicide
rate was associated with the DSS “youth homicide rate per 100,000 inhabitants”, “primary
care coverage rate”, and “total high school pass rate”. CONCLUSION: To combat
feminicide it is necessary to promote greater social equity, discuss gender equality in
schools, and bring greater responsibility/qualification of health professionals in the
Primary Health Care network for the early identification of signs of domestic violence as
well as reporting to competent legal channels.
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