This dissertation treats about the memory of socioenvironmental transformations from what the riverisde peasents, register as changes, concerning to the fishing territory and the mapará consumption. I use as theorical references the social memory and the biocultural memory, associated to the concept of environmental disaster taking into account the man-nature principle. The work was realized in three riverside communities of Saracá island, municipality of Limoeiro do Ajuru, Pará state. Located in the downstream region of the hydroelectric dam of Tucuruí, near of the mouth of Tocantins river. The work analyzes how the socioenvironmental transformations ocassioned by the Tocantins river dam disaster, reverbarate in the way of life and in the social reproduction of the riverside. Also it seeks to understand and describe the relation of the men with the fishes and their interactions with the environment. The research was realized with a qualitative approach based in the participant observation, and were made semi-structured informal interviews. The work considers that the damages are irreparable, the Tocantins river dam disrupted the aquatic ecosystems of the region, causing the reduction of the abundance and the diversity of fishes, affecting directly the way of life of the riverside populations. Even with shortage of fishing resources, the collective fishing of mapará’s borqueio, remais with an importance, not just economic, but symbolic and cultural. The knowledge involved in this activity is the result of the everyday and the experience of the fisher, natural observer of the river and the fishes.
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