Theoretically, the prediction of failure in the chain of insulators can be found by checking the
behavior, of the harmonic current through the insulators, called leakage current. This is
because the capacitance of a chain of insulators allows the passage of components of higher
order harmonics of the current line, however the design and planning of transmission lines,
only take into account the size and geometry of the line, forgetting or ignoring the effects
environment in a line of transmission, the omission of such effects can confuse the diagnosis
of failure in the system of isolation of the line, so it was necessary to develop a methodology
for determining the values of electrical parameters, electrical resistance and capacitance as a
function of environmental variables as: temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, wind
speed and wind direction, particularly the determination of the behavior of capacitance as a
function of environmental variables was so innovative and experimental, in order to obtain a
mathematical model of line transmission of more realistic and dynamic, that can more
precisely identify the electrical parameters under the influence of environmental variables,
such work is developed this model, which will be fed with real environmental and electrical
data, it made the study of the harmonic decomposition of current leakage, and the comparison
with results of other existing models, are still held, virtual simulations of failures, which
bought the efficiency and limitations of the model, and suggest a way of monitoring in real
time and low cost.
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