The american visceral leishmaniasis (LVA) is a infectious disease, no contagious of chronic
evolution and high mortality rate, being Brazil holder of 90% of the cases notified in the
American continent. However, they still are not explained in an objective way the signs and
symptoms of the subclinical infection, causing retard or confusion in the diagnosis of the
disease. In this sense, the present work intended to previously accompany clinic and
serologically the defined population, in order to characterize the subclinical form of LVA,
and to study the prevalence and incidence of the infection. 307 individuals were
accompanied, infected or not for the Leishmania chagasi , children and adults from 61
households, residents of the place Cabresto, Barcarena-Para, selected through clinical exam
and the specific antibodies was detected by immunofluorescence reaction, between january
2000 and january 2001. For the calculation of the incidence of the infection and clinical
determinant were excluded of the sample 06 patients that had already developed the classic
form of the disease, in previous period. The statistical analysis was accomplished with aid
of aid of the program EPINFO 0.04 and BioEstat 2.0, and the applied tests were the Quisquare,
Exact Test of Fisher and G Test. In the moment of the first exam (serologically
selection), 34 (11%) patients had positive serologically for the infection, however 06 of
those patient ones, they had already developed the classic manifestations of LVA, elapsed
the 12 months of the research appeared more 09 individuals with positive serologically of
larger titles or same to ]/320, making an full of 43 (14%) infected patients by the parasite.
Among the infected patients: the age groups of larger concentration were the one of young
individuals, up to 24 years of age (44%); the sex of larger predominance was the male with
28 (65,1%); the signs and obvious symptoms or noticed by the subclinical individuals
(5,5%), they were: paleness cutaneous-mucous membrane, lymphadenopathy, heart
alteration, hepatomegaly, abdominal larging and cough. The tax of incidence of the
infection was of 2,9%. None of the infected patients presented exacerbation of the
symptoms or similarity manifested with the sharp form of the disease, during the twelve
months of study, same when they presented higher titles of the serologically compatible
with to those of patients in the classic way of LVA.
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