This paper studied the cracking process termocatalítico the frying oil in bench and pilot scales,
varying the percentage of sodium carbonate catalyst 5 and 10% m / m of raw material used and
temperature of 440 º C. The objective was to obtain hydrocarbon mixtures rich in diesel fraction.
The frying oil was neutralized and dried characterized in relation to the Acid Value,
Saponification, Viscosity, Density and Refractive Index. After cracking, the liquid product
obtained was purified by decanting the aqueous phase and simple filtration bench scale. This
product was fractionated by fractional distillation and condensate were collected in a separating
funnel according to the distillation range of gasoline (40ºC-175ºC), kerosene (175ºC-235ºC),
light diesel (235°C-305°C) and heavy diesel (305°C-400°C). Were characterized both physical as
chemical composition of the liquid products and their fractions. We also carried out the evolution
of the cracking process in pilot scale, with the behavior of physical characteristics and chemical
composition of the product formed during the cracking process. The results showed that the
catalyst sodium carbonate supplied products of low acidity and good characteristics for use as
fuel. The variation in the percentage of catalyst significantly influences the physical and chemical
composition of both the product and its fractions. It was found also that the cracking
termocatalítico the frying oil promotes the formation of hydrocarbons in rich fraction of diesel
(19.16% and 41.18% light diesel heavy diesel to the test with 10% Na2CO3 and 13, 53% light and
heavy diesel 52.73% for the test with 5% Na2CO3 ). The time intervals generate the final cracking
fuel with low acid content and physicochemical properties according to the specified standard
mineral diesel.
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