Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease of multiple etiology, whose treatment includes changes in lifestyle, which adopting healthy eating habits is very important to control the disease. However, adherence to diet is one of the most challenging aspects for the treatment of this pathology. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of self-monitoring procedures on the behavior of the two types of membership rules Nutrition (Food Plan - BP and Total Carbohydrate Counting - CTC) in adults with Type 2 diabetes. Participated in four adults enrolled in the program HiperDia of a City Health Unit, in Bethlehem, presenting difficulties of adherence to the diet. Data collection took place at the Pathology Laboratory of Nutrition and the participants at their homes. The procedure consisted of: (1) Membership of the sample and interview for confirmation of inclusion criteria, (2) Characterization of baseline (BL) in eating behavior, (3) Intervention: Self-Monitoring Training (AM) with PA to two participants in Condition A (CTA) and CTC for two participants in Condition B (CTb), (4) Reversal of the conditions of training, (5) Follow-up and (6) Final interview. The AM Training includes verifying the correspondence between the record of eating behavior and nutritional rules and the analysis of costs and benefits of emission behaviors of following established rules, functional analysis of the issue or behavior does not follow the rules and planning the actions of membership. The participant was asked to record all meals at intervals of every two days at each home visit by the researcher. We calculated the index of Accession to the Diet (IAD) per day of registration. Results showed that, at baseline the IADs of all participants were below 50%. However, after training in the AM, the mean IADs obtained by participants when subjected to AP was equal to 62.49%, while the CTC was obtained in 75.50%. The absolute values of IADs found in the CTA participants were higher than those of participants from the IADs CTb. All participants, regardless of condition, showed an increase in IADs when compared with the LB, with a decline after discontinuation of AM. At the end of the MA, PA and two participants chose to follow two CTC treatment, however, showed that all retained the wake of BP at follow-up. Inferred that the CTC seems to be more effective in installing appropriate eating behaviors and the AP seems to get good results in terms of behavior installed. All participants were overweight at LB, two participants reduced the weight after the intervention, but all maintained the nutritional diagnosis of LB. As for glycated hemoglobin, all participants had levels above 6% during the LB and after the intervention, three participants reduced their value. It discusses the importance of nutritionists assist the patient to be under the control of the observed changes in its repertoire through the analysis of contingencies, prescribing an individualized treatment beyond the focus on disease.
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