In search of new antimalarial drugs, two typical species of the Amazon region and a fraction rich limonoids were the object of this study: Carapa guianensis Aubl. (Meliaceae), known popularly as andiroba traditionally used as an insecticide and fighting malaria, the species Piper aduncum L. (Piperaceae), known popularly as the pimento-de-macaco, used to treat inflammatory diseases and the fraction rich limonoids obtained from Carapa guianensis. Crude oil and fraction were tested in vitro using methods described by Rieckman and col. (1980) modified by Carvalho (1990) with Plasmodium falciparum clones W2 and Dd2. These studies showed that the oils had antiplasmodial activity, with a concentration of 0.82ng/mL and 8.2mg/mL andiroba oil showed an inhibition he W2 clone was 100% and Dd2 to 71% (IC50 9.4 μg/ml) after 72h of exposure respectively. For the fraction at a concentration of 3.1mg/mL, clone W2, was 100% and Dd2 to 82% (IC50 0.4 μg/ml), after 72h of exposure. The pimento-de-macaco oil overalls had a concentration of 1.30ng/mL for the W2 clone inhibition of 100% and the Dd2 to 77% after 72h of exposure to a concentration of 10.3mg/mL. The results with the chili oil overalls at a concentration of 1.30ng/ml the inhibition was 100% in clone W2 and Dd2 clone at a concentration of 10.3mg/mL, inhibition was 77% after 72h of exposure.
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