Birth defect or congenital malformation is any anatomic, metabolic or functional abnormality, inherited by a mechanism of Mendelian transmission or caused by a new mutation, a chromosomal alteration or physical aggression by an infectious, chemical or the fetus or embryo development . Its causes may be genetic or environmental, and, most often, are multifactorial origin, through the genetic predisposition factors interact with environmental factors triggers. In Pará state, a large number of individuals affected by Oral clefts are from rural areas, mainly in the northeastern state where it is notoriously indiscriminate use of pesticides harmful to human health, many of which have high potential teratogenic. The objective of our study was to investigate the association between the polymorphism (rs4630) in the GSTT1 gene and exposure to pesticides in etiology of oral clefts and analyze the pattern of changes in speech of patients according to the type of cleft. Eight three patients with cleft palate or lip, and of both sexes, and 83 mothers of these patients, all from the state of Pará, residing in rural and capital area were analyzed. Speech therapy and analyzes were performed with the blood of these individuals, the molecular analysis was performed. Statistical analysis was performed using the statistical software SPSS v.. 12.0 and BioEstat v. 5.0. Tests included testing multiple logistic regression test x2e the Fisher exact test. Our result consists of five different molecular analyzes. We found that the presence of the C allele in the genotype of the individual can influence the metabolism of xenobiotics and increase the risk to develop oral clift.
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