This work deals the analysis of the Historical Biogeography of the brazilian cenozoic paleocarcinofauna, recorded in the Maria Farinha, Tremembé and Pirabas formations. This taxa has affinity with the tethian carcinofaunas and modern aspect. The paleobiogeographic setting allows to situate their biological events of the origin, dispersional and irradiation trends in the tethian, south high latitude and amphitropical origins. The majority of the brazilian carcinofauna has affinity with the tethian faune, that migrate in two seaways, west and east. The phylogenetic relationships suggest appearence of the Thalassinoidea group from the Caridea infraordo. The Retroplumidae family (genus Costacopluma) recorded at Maria Farinha Formation is directed related with the cenozoic ocypodid (i.e. genus Uca at Pirabas Formation, living in the same ecological niches and environmental tolerances. Also, the morphological similarities between Xanthoidea and Portunoidea in the Paleocene, suggest monophyletic relationships with Goneplacidae and Hexapodidae. The detailed phylogenetic studies in Goneplacidae family reveals that Glyphithyreus genus is related with Eucratopsinae subfamily.
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