This dissertation aimed to get information concerning the use and occupation of soil
in the region of Santarém, in different years in the last decades, to show the effects
caused by changes of surface properties on the atmospheric conditions simulated by
weather and climate numerical models. The land surfaces are characterized by
causing substantial effects on the atmosphere and thus influencing the quality of
weather and climate forecasts. On the other hand, deforestation contributes to
climate change by eliminating large amounts of greenhouse gases into the
atmosphere. These activities also cause effects on public health, agriculture, forest
resources, wildlife resources, and water resources. In addition, replacement of
natural surface by pasture or agriculture modifies the thermal and radioactive
properties of the surface, generating changes in local, regional and global
atmospheric conditions. In this paper representative periods of possible climate
change in the region were analyzed, identified by treatment and statistical analysis of
climatologic data from surface weather stations, as well as time and quantitative
evolution of deforestation in the study region with data from Project PRODES
(Monitoring of Brazilian Amazon Rainforest by Satellite). The evaluation of the
atmospheric effects on changes in land use and occupation was based on IBGE
vegetation map, and the inclusion of class "deforestation" analyzed in different
periods (1997 and 2009) worked on the software Arc. Gis. 9.2. Data files of surface
types compatible with the reading of the BRAMS model were created. The BRAMS
model was used to simulate the different effects of land use thematic maps in the
local atmosphere. The results indicate a trend of increase in average rainfall and
frequency of days with precipitation, decrease in average temperature of maximum
and increase in average temperature of minimum over years in the region of
Santarém. The study area by the year 1997 registered 19.44% deforestation and by
the year 2009 it rose to 25.54%. The simulations with the generated files of land use
and occupation in 1997 and 2009 showed little variation for different thematic maps
in the variables (temperature, humidity and flows of sensible and latent heat) when
considering the average values of the total area simulated. However, when small
areas located only on the regions suffering the largest changes are taken into
account, there are major influences as deforestation increases.
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