This research presents a critical and contemporary analysis of environmental justice
and the large enterprises in the electricity sector of the Amazon-Pará. It discusses
the environmental fair and unfair regarding the disproportionate imposition of
environmental hazards in the context of local developments in opposition to the
unequal distribution of access to essential energy and telecommunications services
and to the justice itself. It contemplates the environmental, social and ethical of
sustainability and local development and the right to ethical, balanced use of natural
resources in opposition to social and environmental impacts supported by the
judiciary system on the quantitative and qualitative increase in processes demand
with direct and indirect relationships with the enterprise. Starting from an analysis of
the Brazilian Electric Sector in national dimension contemplating the Brazilian
territory, then a state approach related to the Pará Amazon, to deepen in the region
of Northern Amazon (Calha Norte), with case studies of two large projects in the
Brazilian Electricity Sector namely: Hydroelectric of Santo Antonio do Jari and Linhão
Tucuruí-Macapá-Manaus, installed in the municipality of Almeirim – Pará. To this
end, it was performed quantitative and qualitative surveys of lawsuits related mainly
to the violation of human rights in under the Pará State Court in counties that are
running large enterprises. In summary, the study aims to examine whether there is a
direct relationship between the installation of the projects and the impacts on
adjudication. It was also analyzed to what extent the impact on adjudication because
of the electricity sector projects installation can be considered social and
environmental impact, while a social variable assessment of environmental equity. It
is proposed measures to overcome the environmental unfair and therefore perform
the Environmental Justice. Among them: Consider the quantitative and qualitative
increase in processes in municipalities where the enterprises as social and
environmental impact are installed, including them as indicators of the Environmental
Impact Study and Environmental Impact Report; To establish that the undertakings of
the electricity sector include access to local communities regarding the immediate
access to essential public energy services; And in the case of transmission lines
where there is sharing with the transmission of optical fiber cables, it should
contemplate local communities with access to basic telecommunications services.
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