Statistical data show stroke as the second leading cause of death and leading cause of disability among all other diseases in the world. The ischemic stroke (ischemic stroke) accounts for about 87% of incidence of strokes. In ischemic stroke, inflammation acts in restraint of infarction caused by ischemic stroke, and on the other hand the intensity of the inflammatory response in neurodegeneration and consequently influence the functional loss. The autologous cell therapy, mononuclear bone marrow cells, promotes modulation in neuroinflammation, being timely during an ischemic event for reduction of tissue loss and functional. In the present study, we used an experimental model of focal ischemic stroke to assess morphological and functional effects of autologous implant mononucleres bone marrow cells (CMMOs) on the morphological and functional changes related to ischemic stroke. We demonstrate in this study that the autologous BM-MNC in acute or acute and subacute periods of ischemic event, promoted neuroprotection and inflammatory modulation able to rebound in preservation and functional recovery in specific activities. We also show that the treatment enhanced in subacute period, the ischemic event, was able to promote increase in morphological and functional improvements promoted by autologous transplantation in acute period.
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