This master‘s degree dissertation intends to discuss the exercise of the national security throught the modernization speech of the Navy at Amazon at the period of 1890 to 1918. The chronological cut is delimited by the publication, in 1890, of the book The influence of sea power upon history 1660-1783, by the american admiral Alfred Mahan, having notorious impact on the ways of thinking the navies around the world, since proposed the thesis that the control of the sea was the essential element to the development of the nations, and by the end of the First World War, in 1918, which I consider a mark because the real test of all modernization projects in course in Brazil and countries such as United States, England, France, Germany, Russia and Japan and, then, the posterior period to that probably represented a technical change in the ways of modernization of the sea forces. Whereas the hypothesis that the modernization project thought by Mahan to the naval programs of 1904 to 1906 represented the built of an art of war at the seas different from all past times, and rating it‘s consequences at Amazon, I concluded that, in parallel, it was built an art of war at the rivers, of which followed the logic itself of the hydrographic meanders. To defend such argument, the dissertation is structured in three chapters: the first analyses the process and the practices of naval modernization in international and national levels, and in the second case, mainly represented by the fleet in Rio de Janeiro; the second analyses the security in Amazon and the consequent building of an art of war in the rivers and the third, the military daily consequences at the region through the work abilities, the social relations inside the armed force and the body and its nexus with the health.
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