The growth of traffic in mobile networks demands a search for new technologies that can bring evolutions to the sector in question. Technologies such as heterogeneous networks (HetNets) and C-RAN (Centralized Radio Access Networks) appear as prominent solutions to this demand. However, without proper planning in the deployment of these networks, problems such as deployment cost, interference, energy efficiency and subsequent network management can lead to project unfeasibility. In this sense, this work investigates how to plan a heterogeneous network, through several heuristics in the implementation of HetNets, which will be explained later. These algorithms are evaluated in scenarios that illustrate real environments, in addition to analyzing several metrics to perform the appropriate performance evaluation of each approach. The planning of the use of centralized networks is also addressed, with a comparison with the Distributed Radio Access Network (D-RAN) model in order to show in which situations one is less costly than other. With the results, it is possible to perceive that the change in the size of the network (numbers of connected users) directly influences the results, as well as having a good indication of which technology to use in a given situation.
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