It is known that infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is widely distributed in the population, and is considered a sexually transmitted disease (STD) more frequent worldwide. Its transmission occurs through sexual exposure in about 98% of cases and its positive peak is observed among women of reproductive age, especially in the first years of sexual activity. In general, the infection is limited by the action of the immune system, which eliminates the virus within 2 years. Changes that interfere with the action of the immune system can influence the course of HPV infection, such as people with AIDS. During pregnancy, physiological changes occur that alter the immune response to non-rejection of semi- allogeneic fetus. This could interfere with the evolution of HPV infection, but this is still controversial. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of HPV infection in pregnant women in the city of Imperatriz, MA and investigate possible associations between genital HPV infection and sociodemographic, behavioral, sexual, contraceptive and reproductive clinic - gynecological selected. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 168 pregnant women in the city of Empress-MA. The selected patients answered a questionnaire on socio demographic, behavioral and reproductive. Material was collected cervicovaginal cytology and conventional cervical brushed to detect HPV DNA by the technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The association of HPV infection and selected risk factors was evaluated using the chi-square (x²) and/or Fisher exact test, all with an alpha level of 0.05. We studied 200 samples of cervical material was collected for Pap smear testing and identification of HPV DNA by PCR. The prevalence of genital HPV infection in pregnant women in the city of Empress was 17.6%, with the highest prevalence was in the age group between 18 to 25 years, which was 21.5%. Regarding marital status, note that unmarried pregnant women had a higher risk of acquiring HPV infection than married women (OR = 4.03, p = 0.0046). As for reproductive traits, there is the women who reported being primigravidae had higher prevalence of HPV infection, with 29%, which was statistically significant (p = 0.001), and 4 times more likely to acquire HPV infection than women who became pregnant two or more times. Interestingly, women who were taking the first PCCU on occasion, had a higher prevalence of HPV infection (25%) compared to those who had performed this test anteriormente.Os results showed a high prevalence of HPV in young pregnant women aged less than 25 years in primigravidae and among those who underwent PCCU first, so there is a need for measures to promote prevention and health of pregnant women with this specific target within the service routine Hospital. Thus, it is believed that such data can be very useful in planning programs, including the control of STDs, especially HPV.
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