Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with over 100 million cases and at least one million deaths annually. It is a disease prevalent in the countries of tropical and subtropical climate of the planet. In Brazil, it occurs mainly in the Amazon region where climatic conditions favor the breeding of the vector and the spread of disease. With the emergence of vector resistance to insecticides, the lack of an effective vaccine, and especially the resistance of plasmodia to antimalarial drugs available today, there has been a resurgence and spread of the disease worldwide. Among the drugs used to treat the disease stands to mefloquine, which has high lipid solubility, being associated to a specific polipetídio (apo-A1) present in high density lipoproteins (HDL). Thus, infected erythrocytes tend to bind to circulating HDL particles to obtain the lipid supply, which would favor the passage and accumulation of the drug in these. However, malaria patients showed abnormal lipid profile, such as decreased levels of cholesterol total, HDL and LDL cholesterol, elevated values of lactate dehydrogenase, and a moderate increase of triglyceride level. This study is the correlation between serum concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides in serum levels of mefloquine (MQ) and carboximefloquina (CMC) in patients with falciparum malaria not complicated. For this we used the biochemical determination through self-plush Cobas analyzer to determine the levels of serum cholesterol and triglycerides and high performance liquid chromatography for determination of serum levels of mefloquine and carboximefloquina. Significant difference in serum total cholesterol, and HDL and LDL, which increased over the course of clinical evaluation, which corroborates findings in the literature and there was significant difference in serum triglycerides, which decreased with clinical outcome of patients.
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