The oil palm plantation has been considered a promising activity in tropical regions. Its expansion has caused great loss of tropical forest habitats and is considered a threat to biodiversity. Although most cultivated areas use previously deforested areas, the effects of this monoculture on the biodiversity of the Amazon region are still poorly understood. In this study we investigated the effect of oil palm plantation on the carnivorous fauna of the Amazon region. We performed the survey and monitoring of this group of mammals and related to some environmental metrics that would be related to the effects of monoculture on the recorded species. The metrics evaluated in this study were basal area of DAP categories 5-10cm and DAP> 10cm, perpendicular distance of the palm or forest matrix, distance of water bodies. There was an effect on the composition and abundance of carnivores, where the habitats differed on the basal area of DAP categories 5-10cm, and in the plantation areas this metric has no evidence. Although the plantation is not considered an impermeable matrix, the fauna of carnivores is not distributed in a homogenous way in the landscape. The most affected species were large carnivores and the generalist and opportunistic species, such as the middle predators, were benefited by the plantation. Our results show that the monitoring and strategies aimed at understanding how planting attributes influence the occurrence of these animals is of.
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