This research aims to analyze the artisanal fisheries and its contribution to the local development, taking into account (as case studies places) the spatial area of district of Icoaraci-Belém (PA) - Brazil and Vilankulo, Inhambane Province in Mozambique. Artisanal fishing is an important activity because it supplies to the local. These activities are used as the source of their income (financially and economically viable) and as a supplier of food for their sustainability as well as for their families’ welfare. Data collection was based on semi-structured interviews submitted to the fisherfolk; the settle fishing Z-10 of Icoaraci, the association of Vilankulo fishermen; shops which sell fish and also the local authorities connected to this activity in the district mentioned above. Were applied questionnaires with open and closed questions to the people and institutions engaged in those activities in order to get an overview of the case which were part of debate in couples of years. However, to fulfill this desire it was required some materials such as notebook, pen, pencil and eraser. The observation technique was used so that it could be easy to check the reliability of the information given. To analyze the results we used the comparative method with qualitative and quantitative approach to identify the differences and similarities regarding the livelihood and socioeconomic profile of the fisherfolk, their social organization or framework and the interpretation on activity and local development in the districts of our study. For discussion, we used research made previously by other investigators in order to make the comparison of the results. The results show that most of the artisanal fishermen have the first grade of schooling or an incomplete education background, a monthly income of less than the minimum salary, and they are organized into colonies in the district of Icoaraci while in district of Vilankulo, they are organized as an NGO (Association of fishermen). Artisanal fishermen are engaged in other activities to generate more income for their survival. Fortunately, there are intermediate people in this activity which brings gains for them in term of fixture and it does not bring to them comfort because the income is still low for their survival. In conclusion, the artisanal fishing itself does not contribute to the local development because there are other elements connected directly to this activity which generates jobs and income for ensuring sustenance for many families living in these districts. In addition, this research brings a stepwise for the recommendation of the local government as well as the input of the ideas of how the artisanal fishing is not sustainable as the people can imagine about it. This work can be used for the plan of the local government to encourage them to work in partnership with the fisherfolk, creating project that are focused on local development.
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