Cervical cancer (CC), which is of great importance for public health, is considered to be the 4th most common type of cancer in the world. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the main risk factor. Approximately 70% of women with CC are in less developed regions, demonstrating a socioeconomic relationship. Papillomavirus belong to the family Papillomaviridae, with more than 40 genera, of which five are composed of HPVs, with at least 200 species already described associated with human infections. These virus are enveloped, spherical and have a double-stranded DNA genome. HPVs have tropism by epithelial cells and persistent infections can lead to progressive intraepithelial transformations with evolution to precursor lesions of cervical cancer, and finally cancer. HPV infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world, and most sexually active people, men and women, will have contact with the virus at some point in their lives. In the present study, the cytopathological profile of patients treated at a Secondary Reference Unit in Gynecological Cancer of the city of Belém / PA and the activity of caurenoic acid against cervical cancer lines were analyzed. The profile of the microbiological and cytopathological findings was verified in the examinations carried out by the Casa da Mulher laboratory during a period of one year, using data from 2,202 cervical cancer preventive exams (PCCU), showing a weak correlation between age range and frequency of microbiological findings and pathological alterations. The microbiological findings were the presence of three species: Gardnerella vaginalis (23.48%), Candida sp. (12.44%) and Trichomonas vaginalis (0.68%). The prevalence of cytologic abnormalities corresponded to 5.72%. Atypia cells of undetermined significance corresponded to 2.679%, and the total proportion of potentially malignant neoplastic lesions was 1.09%. The increase in PCCU coverage in the female population needs to be achieved and health promotion must be effected through intersectoral partnerships, popular participation, and collective accountability for quality of life. On the other hand, the evaluation of the genotoxic and mutagenic effect of caurenoic acid (CA) in cervical cancer lines was performed using HeLa (HPV18-positive), CaSki (HPV16-positive) and C33A (HPV-negative). AC showed a strong positive correlation with the genotoxicity indicators evaluated. At high concentrations, it inhibited the expression of E6 and E7 HPV genes, which interfere with cell cycle regulation. Although genotoxic effects were observed, the assays pointed to the possibility of using CA as feedstock for therapeutic agents against cervical cancer with HPV, as well as future research on E6 and E7 functions.
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