The footings is a kind of superficial foundation rather employed in construction and is used especially for small projects or when the soil is able to withstand the loads without deforming is exaggerated. Footings can present a brittle fracture mode, called puncture. To avoid this kind of disruption that occurs abruptly, it is possible in the design phase to take some measures, such as increasing the shoe height, reinforcement ratio of bending, the strength of concrete or the ratio a/d.
In the literature, was carefully collected with a database 216 and tests analyzed by different standards such as the ACI 318 (2011), CSA A23.3 (2004), EUROCODE 2 (2004) and (2010) and NBR 6118 (2014), with the aim of contributing to a better understanding of the punching footings reinforced concrete Then, it was found that the load capacity ranged last much of a provision to another. Besides confirming that the ratio a/d (ratio of shear span the useful height) influence significantly the resistance to puncture. In the case of the standard EUROCODE 2 (2010), was the finding that the locking effect size decreases the resistance to punching footings, increasing the coefficient of variation with the experimental data.
The desing recommendations of their countries are used for sizing the punch, but are mainly empirical rules, that is prepared a series of experimental data. Thus, the experimental results must play or come close to reproducing the reality that the component studied issue will be submitted in the case of footings in the soil. The wide range of test systems raises doubts as to need and reliability by verifying discrepancies between the rules and test systems mainly for the ability to last loads, generating uncertainty as to the suitability of these recommendations.
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