In the dissertation was demonstrated the direct influence of water quality on the river Xingu indigenous local, especially indigenous tribes around the large macaw and Paquiçamba, besides the environmental dynamics established around the construction of the Belo Monte Dam. The main objective was to demonstrate the logics that organize the relations of developing national energy and environmental damages that result can directly affect indigenous peoples especially regarding water quality, in particular the Arara indigenous tribes of the Volta Grande do Xingu and Paquiçamba, that depend directly on natural resources of the Xingu River for their survival and that will be directly affected by the construction of Belo Monte hydroelectric plant, as scientific data analysis of the Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Environmental (LAQUANAM) Federal University of Pará The instrument environmental policy is ineffective to curb this environmental damage that compromises the lives of indigenous peoples in the Amazon, due to the fragility of measures to mitigate this inexorable worsening environmental questioned by federal prosecutors, through numerous civil suits, ineffective for society and aggravating to the environment. Thus reinforcing the arguments of the relation of fragility of existing laws in the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, before the overwhelming environmental impact that outweighs the interests of sustainable development capable of not only preserving, but ensure ecologically balanced environment for future generations. At work was analyzed elements and contents present in eco-development discourses that confront the interests of local environmental policies, while prevailing view of national policies for the Amazon, through literature review, document research and field research. In the dissertation demonstrated that whoever mobilizes a large political capital in favor of eco-development project has more power over local actors and institutions closer to the issues identified as strategic policies for environmentally sustainable development. In this context, according to the reflections graphic and physicochemical parameters produced in this work, there is clear evidence of violation of the Environmental impact assessment (EIA/RIMA) as basic condition for the construction of large dams, noting that the development process there is a weakening environmental concerns of local people rather than a national project that will not meet evenly and fair society, but rather aggravate their environmental problems that jeopardize the lives of those who carry the essence of life Amazonian, who are the indigenous peoples, each increasingly segregated in the process of capitalist development in Brazil.
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