The infraorder Mygalomorphae is represented in Brazil by about 300 species distributed in 10 families. Representatives of Actinopodidae, Idiopidae, Dipluridae, Cyrtaucheniidae, Paratropididae and Thcraphosldae are common in the Amazon fauna. On the other hand, Barychelídae, Microstigmatidae and Ctenizidae are rarer families in this region, while Nemesiidae are found only in the southeastern Amazon region. In recent years, there has been a great increase in the amount of material in the archaeological collection of the Museu Paraensc Emílio Goeldi (MPEG), which is the only one in the Eastern Amazon. The organization and computerization of the Mygalomorphae stocks at MPEG allows this material to be available for taxonomic revisions, expanding taxonomic knowledge in Mygalomorphae. Adult individuals are identified to the most precise taxon possible and placed in the collection. The identifications were made with the help of specialized bibliography and through scientific visits to specialists. This work allowed the identification of 17 genera, in eight pharru1es (Theraphosídae - Acantboscurria, Auicularia, Hapalopus, Holotbele, Homeoma, Parapbysa and Theraphosa; Diphylluridae - Diplura and Masteria; Paratropidae - Paratropis; ldiopidae - Idiops and Neocteniza; Barychelídae - Stropbeaus and Trichopelmatinae; Actinopodidae - Actinopus; Cyrtaucheniidae - Pufius and Bolostromus; and CtenizidaeUmmidía). A scientific visit was made to Instituto Butantan (lB), São Paulo, where we had the opportunity to contact specialists in Mygalomorphae and make comparisons of the Actinopus material belonging to MPEG, 113 and Museu de Zoologia da USP. The only Actinopus species described for the Amazon region are known only from females, which makes it impossible to specifically identify the male specimens deposited at MPEG. The analysis of the Actinopus specimens indicated that the problems of identifying species of this genus will only be solved with a comprehensive taxonomic revision.
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