The Amazon Region is one of the richest biomes on earth in terms of diversity of fauna and flora. Its variety and quantity of species in some mesoregions of the State of Pará are still little explored and studied. This is the case of the wildlife of some municipalities of the Marajó Archipelago. The present study aims to investigate the diversity and geographical distribution of mammals in the western portion of Marajó Island, especially the municipality of Anajás, thus expanding the knowledge about the composition of mammal fauna in this region. Data on the diversity and geographic distribution of mammals present on Marajó Island were obtained from surveys carried out in the record books and in the cabinets of the Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi (MPEG), Museu Nacional, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ), Museum of Zoology, University of São Paulo (MZUSP) and partial review of the available literature. The results already achieved indicated records of 64 species of mammals, 3 of the order Didelphimorphia, 3 Xenarthra, 29 Chiroptera, 7 Primates, 5 Carnivora, 1 Sirenia, 2 Artiodactyla, 1 Perissodactyla, 13 Rodentia and 1 Lagomorpha. With respect to the review of the available literature, it was possible to observe that there really is a huge lack of studies of mammals in the western region of the island. Most of the scientific work has been done in the eastern part of the island. It is hoped that with the continuation of the review of this literature, as well as with some field observations in the municipality of Anajás, there will be an increase in the list of species present in the region.
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