Brazil has the largest coverage of tropical forests, especially concentrated in the Amazon region, possessing an immense biological diversity. Insects are the predominant group of animals on earth. Among the insects, Diptera is one of the largest orders. Belonging to this order, the family Drosophilidae can be found almost everywhere and individuals of this family use a wide variety of habitats for breeding, feeding and oviposition. Traditionally, drosophilids are collected by trapping with attractive baits, such as fermented fruits, mainly bananas. The malaise trap does not use attractive baits, capturing insects by intercepting their flight. This work was carried out with the objective of inventorying the fauna of Drosophilids of Caxiuanã, Melgaço-PA, aiming to complement the electronic catalog of drosophilids of the study area. The collections were carried out throughout the year 2006, each trap had a white roof, black septa and sides and the collecting cup, mounted on the top of the trap, contained 70% alcohol, used for death and preservation of insects. Three expeditions were carried out, resulting in 26 sampling points. Of the 26 samples obtained, six were analyzed from March to July. A total of 21038 arthropods were sorted, classified into two classes, Insecta and Arachnida, of which more than 99% were insects. All individuals were classified at order level, totaling 14 orders, with dipterans being the most abundant order. Dipterans were classified into families and drosophilids into genus and species levels. Of the family Drosophilidae, 83 individuals were found, of which 72 were classified into six genera: Drosophila, Diathoneura, Leucophenga, Microdrosophila, Neotanygastrella and Zygothrica, with Drosophila being the best represented genus. The three species identified belonged to this genus. Among the species identified, one had not been recorded in Caxiuanã Flona and one of the genera had no record in the Amazon.
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