Cinzas volantes: uma alternativa para compósitos reforçados com partículas
As industrial growth evolves, it has brought with it the generation of waste, which is a potential environmental problem. The study of the properties of these materials, as well as the development of techniques aimed at their possible reuse, is fundamental for environmental preservation. Thus, in th...
| Autor principal: | FERREIRA, Victor Hugo Mafra Monfredo |
|---|---|
| Grau: | Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Graduação |
| Idioma: | por |
| Publicado em: |
2021
|
| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: |
https://bdm.ufpa.br:8443/jspui/handle/prefix/3287 |
| id |
oai:https:--bdm.ufpa.br:8443:prefix-3287 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
dspace |
| spelling |
oai:https:--bdm.ufpa.br:8443:prefix-32872021-03-11T23:52:21Z Cinzas volantes: uma alternativa para compósitos reforçados com partículas FERREIRA, Victor Hugo Mafra Monfredo COSTA, Deibson Silva da http://lattes.cnpq.br/1521124351431087 Matriz polimérica Resina Poliéster Cinza volante Materiais sustentáveis Materiais sintéticos Polymeric matrix Polymeric resin Fly ash Sustainable materials Synthetic materials CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA::MATERIAIS NAO METALICOS::EXTRACAO E TRANSFORMACAO DE MATERIAIS As industrial growth evolves, it has brought with it the generation of waste, which is a potential environmental problem. The study of the properties of these materials, as well as the development of techniques aimed at their possible reuse, is fundamental for environmental preservation. Thus, in this work, polymeric matrix composites were made using the fly ash industrial residue, with granulometries of 100, 200, 325, and 400 mesh. The manufacturing was performed through the manual manufacturing method hand lay up, with proportions varying between 0 %, 10 %, 20 % and 30 % in mass of waste. Isophthalic polyester resin was used as the matrix phase, with cobalt accelerator in the ratio of 1.5% v / v and initiator in the proportion of 1% v / v. Mineralogical analysis of the residue was performed using the X-Ray Diffraction technique (XRD), the morphology and chemical charaterization was performed by Scanning Electron Micoscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDXS). After making the composite materials and preparing the specimens, physical tests were carried out following the norms and guidelines established by ASTM D 792, ASTM D 2734 e ASTM D 570 and the mechanical tests of flexion and traction, according to ASTM 790 and ASTM 3039, respectively, with the analysis of the fracture surface performed with the aid of a Scanning Electron Microscope. The flame propagation rate was obtained through the horizontal flammability test, following the ASTM D 635 standards. The mineralogical, morphological and chemical characterizations of the fly ash waste were consistente with the literature. It was found that the physical properties of the composites (water absorption, apparent porosity and bulk density) increased with the gradual insertion of ash in the matrix for all particle sizes. Through the mechanical tests, an increase in resistance was noted for both flexure and tensile tests compared to the matrix, configuring the residue as a reinforcement load, with the exception of the 30% composition with 325 mesh grain size for flexure. Through SEM analysis, it was possible to observe a good dispersion of residue in the matrix for the proportions of 30 % (100 and 200 mesh), as well as the presence of defects. All the tested materials exhibited excellent flame resistance properties, when compared to the guidelines of the standard used for the flammability test, with emphasis for the composition of 30 % with a 400 mesh grain size. Conforme o crescimento industrial evolui, trouxe consigo a geração de resíduos, que são potenciais problemas ambientais. O estudo das propriedades destes materiais, bem como o desenvolvimento de técnicas visando sua possível reutilização se tornam fundamentais para a preservação ambiental. Desta maneira, este trabalho busca confeccionar compósitos de matriz polimérica utilizando o resíduo industrial de cinza volante com as granulometrias de mesh 100, 200, 325, e 400, através do método de fabricação manual hand lay up, com proporções variando entre 0 %, 10 %, 20 % e 30 % em massa de resíduo. Utilizou-se resina poliéster isoftálica como fase matriz, com acelerador de cobalto na proporção de 1,5 % v/v e iniciador na proporção de 1 % v/v. A análise mineralógica do resíduo foi realizada pela técnica de difração de raios X (DRX), a análise morfológica e química foi realizada através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e espectroscopia dispersiva de energia (EDS). Posteriormente, a confecção dos materiais compósitos e elaboração dos corpos de prova, realizaram-se ensaios físicos seguindo as normas e diretrizes estabelecidos pela ASTM D 792, ASTM D 2734 e ASTM D 570 e os ensaios mecânicos de flexão e tração, pelas normas ASTM 790 e ASTM 3039, respectivamente, com a análise da superfície da fratura realizada com o auxílio de um Microscópico Eletrônico de Varredura. A taxa de propagação da chama foi obtida através do ensaio de flamabilidade horizontal, seguindo a norma ASTM D 635. As análises mineralógicas, morfológicas e químicas do resíduo industrial de cinza volante foram condizentes com a literatura. Averiguou-se que as propriedades físicas dos compósitos (absorção de água, porosidade aparente e massa especifica) aumentaram com a inserção gradativa de cinza na matriz para todas as granulometrias. Através dos ensaios mecânicos, notou-se um aumento da resistência para os ensaios de flexão e tração em comparação a matriz plena, configurando o resíduo como carga de reforço, sendo exceção a composição de 30 % com granulometria de mesh 325 para o ensaio de flexão. Por meio da análise fractográfica, foi possível observar uma boa dispersão de resíduo na matriz para as proporções de 30 % mesh 100 e 200, bem como a presença de defeitos. Todos os materiais ensaiados apresentaram propriedades de resistência à chama, quando comparados com as diretrizes da norma utilizada para o ensaio de flamabilidade, com ênfase para a composição de 30 % com granulometria de mesh 400. 2021-03-10T15:38:33Z 2021-03-10T15:38:33Z 2020-12-21 Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Graduação FERREIRA, Victor Hugo Mafra Monfredo. Cinzas volantes: uma alternativa para compósitos reforçados com partículas. Orientador: Deibson Silva da Costa. 2020. 74 f. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Engenharia de Materiais) – Campus Universitário de Ananindeua, Universidade Federal do Pará, Ananindeua, 2020. Disponível em: https://bdm.ufpa.br:8443/jspui/handle/prefix/3287. Acesso em:. https://bdm.ufpa.br:8443/jspui/handle/prefix/3287 por Acesso Aberto 1 CD-ROM |
| institution |
Biblioteca Digital de Monografias - UFPA |
| collection |
MonografiaUFPA |
| language |
por |
| topic |
Matriz polimérica Resina Poliéster Cinza volante Materiais sustentáveis Materiais sintéticos Polymeric matrix Polymeric resin Fly ash Sustainable materials Synthetic materials CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA::MATERIAIS NAO METALICOS::EXTRACAO E TRANSFORMACAO DE MATERIAIS |
| spellingShingle |
Matriz polimérica Resina Poliéster Cinza volante Materiais sustentáveis Materiais sintéticos Polymeric matrix Polymeric resin Fly ash Sustainable materials Synthetic materials CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA::MATERIAIS NAO METALICOS::EXTRACAO E TRANSFORMACAO DE MATERIAIS FERREIRA, Victor Hugo Mafra Monfredo Cinzas volantes: uma alternativa para compósitos reforçados com partículas |
| topic_facet |
Matriz polimérica Resina Poliéster Cinza volante Materiais sustentáveis Materiais sintéticos Polymeric matrix Polymeric resin Fly ash Sustainable materials Synthetic materials CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA::MATERIAIS NAO METALICOS::EXTRACAO E TRANSFORMACAO DE MATERIAIS |
| description |
As industrial growth evolves, it has brought with it the generation of waste, which is a potential environmental problem. The study of the properties of these materials, as well as the development of techniques aimed at their possible reuse, is fundamental for environmental preservation. Thus, in this work, polymeric matrix composites were made using the fly ash industrial residue, with granulometries of 100, 200, 325, and 400 mesh. The manufacturing was performed through the manual manufacturing method hand lay up, with proportions varying between 0 %, 10 %, 20 % and 30 % in mass of waste. Isophthalic polyester resin was used as the matrix phase, with cobalt accelerator in the ratio of 1.5% v / v and initiator in the proportion of 1% v / v. Mineralogical analysis of the residue was performed using the X-Ray Diffraction technique (XRD), the morphology and chemical charaterization was performed by Scanning Electron Micoscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDXS). After making the composite materials and preparing the specimens, physical tests were carried out following the norms and guidelines established by ASTM D 792, ASTM D 2734 e ASTM D 570 and the mechanical tests of flexion and traction, according to ASTM 790 and ASTM 3039, respectively, with the analysis of the fracture surface performed with the aid of a Scanning Electron Microscope. The flame propagation rate was obtained through the horizontal flammability test, following the ASTM D 635 standards. The mineralogical, morphological and chemical characterizations of the fly ash waste were consistente with the literature. It was found that the physical properties of the composites (water absorption, apparent porosity and bulk density) increased with the gradual insertion of ash in the matrix for all particle sizes. Through the mechanical tests, an increase in resistance was noted for both flexure and tensile tests compared to the matrix, configuring the residue as a reinforcement load, with the exception of the 30% composition with 325 mesh grain size for flexure. Through SEM analysis, it was possible to observe a good dispersion of residue in the matrix for the proportions of 30 % (100 and 200 mesh), as well as the presence of defects. All the tested materials exhibited excellent flame resistance properties, when compared to the guidelines of the standard used for the flammability test, with emphasis for the composition of 30 % with a 400 mesh grain size. |
| author_additional |
COSTA, Deibson Silva da |
| author_additionalStr |
COSTA, Deibson Silva da |
| format |
Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso - Graduação |
| author |
FERREIRA, Victor Hugo Mafra Monfredo |
| title |
Cinzas volantes: uma alternativa para compósitos reforçados com partículas |
| title_short |
Cinzas volantes: uma alternativa para compósitos reforçados com partículas |
| title_full |
Cinzas volantes: uma alternativa para compósitos reforçados com partículas |
| title_fullStr |
Cinzas volantes: uma alternativa para compósitos reforçados com partículas |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Cinzas volantes: uma alternativa para compósitos reforçados com partículas |
| title_sort |
cinzas volantes: uma alternativa para compósitos reforçados com partículas |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://bdm.ufpa.br:8443/jspui/handle/prefix/3287 |
| _version_ |
1787155015131987968 |
| score |
11.753896 |