Cervical cancer is considered one of the most serious public health problems in the world with
around 500,000 new cases a year, accounting for the death of about 230,000 women. Risk
factors for cervical lesions of high grade although much studied, still need to be known in
each population and in each period. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the
prevalence and factors associated with High Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Lesions (HSIL) in
women attended at the Maternal and Child Reference Unit of Belém (UREMIA).
Methodology: The study was observational of the transversal type, with quantitative approach
using the program Bioestat 5.3. The data were collected in the period between January and
December 2017 through the patient records sent to a Maternal-Child and Adolescent
Specialized Reference Unit (UREMIA). Results: A total of 335 women with colpocitological
diagnosis of intraepithelial lesion (SIL or LIE) were evaluated. Confirmation of the degree
was through the histopathological examination performed in the ERU: High Grade
Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL) and Low Grade Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL). The sample was
divided into two groups: one group diagnosed with LIEAG (GAG) with 282 cases (84.17%),
and one group with LIEBG (GBG) with 53 cases (15, 82%). In the epidemiological and
clinical profile of GAG, young adults (40.8%) came from the capital (58.5%), with
incomplete primary education (59.2%), living with their partner (73%) and up to 1 minimum
wage (62.4%), with no pre-existing pathologies, no routine medications and no history of
neoplasms in the family. They did not use tobacco and illicit drugs, but in relation to the use
of alcoholic beverages was inverse (55.3%) being statistically significant. The menarche was
over 12 years of age, the sixteenth age of 20 and the number of partners up to 3. Half of the
GAG (50.7%) used contraceptives and of these only half used condoms (54.7%). With regard
to active sexual life, 243 cases (86.2%) were found, a prevalence ratio of significant value (p
= 0.0252). In the history of cervical disease, the highest frequency in GAG was in women
diagnosed with HPV (n = 181, 64.2%), previous cervical lesion (65.6%) and = 180, 63.8%).
The factors associated with HSIL were alcohol use and active sex life, with the value for the
Ratio of significant prevalence (p = 0.0277) and (p = 0.0252) respectively. Conclusion: The
prevalence of HSIL in this study was 84 , 18%. The associated variables were alcohol use and
active sexual life. The epidemiological and clinical profile is similar to those of other studies,
reinforcing attention to these cases, which has a greater tendency for the development of
HSIL and cervical cancer. It is necessary to implement governmental programs with this
attention, as well as the training of health professionals and elaboration of periodic
educational actions in every region to the target public.
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