Introduction: The insertion of antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced the
morbidity and mortality rates of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). However, several
adverse events have been reported as a result of long-term exposure to ART, such as metabolic
disorders. Objective: To analyze serum phosphate levels in people living with HIV/AIDS on
ART. Method: Observational, analytical, cross-sectional study, classified as to the purpose as
applied research. The procedures adopted were field research and documental research.
Results: In the series of 106 patients, 30 (28.3%) were hypophosphatemic and 76 (71.7%) were
normophosphatemic. There was a statistically significant direct relationship between years of
infection (P=< 0.001) and years of ART use (P=< 0.001), and serum phosphorus levels. As for
the clinical aspects related to hypophosphatemia, only paresthesia showed a statistically
significant relationship (p = 0.016). No statistically significant relationship was found between
serum phosphorus levels and glomerular filtration rate, serum levels of TCD4+ lymphocytes,
and bone mineral density (p>0.05). The use of TDF in an ART regimen was statistically
significant (p=0.0001). From the analysis of ART regimens that contained TDF and serum
phosphorus levels, it was inferred that no specific regimen causes hypophosphatemia (p>0.05),
but only TDF alone. The use of nephroprotection did not represent statistical significance when
compared to serum phosphorus levels in hypophosphatemic patients (p>0.05). Older
individuals use less Tenofovir compared to the younger population, but have higher levels of
hypophosphatemia when using the drug. Time of infection and the use of TDF, as well as the
time of ART and the use of TDF, are responsible for 41.2% of hypophosphatemia cases.
Conclusion: The prevalence of hypophosphatemia in the series studied was 28.3%. There was
statistical relevance between the reduced levels of phosphorus and the variables time of HIV
infection, duration of ART use, paresthesia and use of TDF in an ART regimen.
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