Contamination of water by microorganisms harmful to health is a major concern around the world, current treatments for water disinfection are not at all efficient, for example, an insertion of chlorine in the liquid can cause the formation of undesirable and harmful substances. Technological advances allow the collaboration of nanotechnology also for water treatment, nanoscale materials have unique properties due to the area / volume that give the material the improvement or emergence of new properties. Among these nanomaterials, silver nanoparticles stand out and, due to their antibacterial properties, they are constantly studied in the treatment of drinking water. In this sense, this work aims to expose the properties of silver nanoparticles, as well as their antibacterial mechanisms and their use in the disinfection of drinking water, in the latter presenting current studies for a technology that permeates the development of efficient filtering materials for impregnation of the metal and the parameters for the efficiency of this configuration. A good understanding of silver nanoparticles and their forms of synthesis, antibacterial mechanism and applications is expected. In the end, it is evident that filters containing the nanometal are present in water disinfection.
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